Innovative environmentally friendly technology for copper(II) hydroxide production
Bočna strana članka
Glavni sadržaj članka
Apstrakt
The innovative laboratory procedure for the synthesis of copper(II) hydroxide in the form of the aqueous suspension was developed. The reaction mechanism consists of the reaction between copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate and sodium carbonate by successive ion exchange of carbonate ions with the hydroxide ones in a multistep process. Production of copper(II) carbonate and sodium sulphate by reacting of copper(II) sulphate with sodium carbonate was followed by addition of sodium hydroxide solution whereby the product, copper(II) hydroxide, was obtained by releasing an equimolar amount of sodium carbonate. It was determined that, the equimolar reaction of copper(II) sulphate and sodium hydroxide lead to the maximal reactants exploitation. Sodium phosphate, formed in the final process stage by addition of 10 % phosphoric acid solution, acted as a copper(II) hydroxide stabilizer. High yield of the product was obtained by optimizing the synthesis parameters: reaction time, molar ratio of reactants and the reaction temperature. The obtained product was formulated to obtain a commercial product, which is used as a fungicide and bactericide.
Detalji članka
Broj časopisa
Rubrika
Kada je rukopis prihvaćen za objavlјivanje, autori prenose autorska prava na izdavača. U slučaju da rukopis ne bude prihvaćen za štampu u časopisu, autori zadržavaju sva prava.
Na izdavača se prenose sledeća prava na rukopis, uklјučujući i dodatne materijale, i sve delove, izvode ili elemente rukopisa:
- pravo da reprodukuje i distribuira rukopis u štampanom obliku, uklјučujući i štampanje na zahtev;
- pravo na štampanje probnih primeraka, reprint i specijalnih izdanja rukopisa;
- pravo da rukopis prevede na druge jezike;
- pravo da rukopis reprodukuje koristeći fotomehanička ili slična sredstva, uklјučujući, ali ne ograničavajući se na fotokopiranje, i pravo da distribuira ove kopije;
- pravo da rukopis reprodukuje i distribuira elektronski ili optički koristeći sve nosioce podataka ili medija za pohranjivanje, a naročito u mašinski čitlјivoj/digitalizovanoj formi na nosačima podataka kao što su hard disk, CD-ROM, DVD, Blu-ray Disc (BD), mini disk, trake sa podacima, i pravo da reprodukuje i distribuira rukopis sa tih prenosnika podataka;
- pravo da sačuva rukopis u bazama podataka, uklјučujući i onlajn baze podataka, kao i pravo prenosa rukopisa u svim tehničkim sistemima i režimima;
- pravo da rukopis učini dostupnim javnosti ili zatvorenim grupama korisnika na osnovu pojedinačnih zahteva za upotrebu na monitoru ili drugim čitačima (uklјučujući i čitače elektonskih knjiga), i u štampanoj formi za korisnike, bilo putem interneta, onlajn servisa, ili putem internih ili eksternih mreža.
Kako citirati
Reference
Knodel JJ, Beauzay P, Friskop A, Markell S. Integrated Pest Management in North Dakota. https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pub-lications/crops/ipm-basics-integrated-pest-management-innorth-dakota-agriculture. Accessed November 23, 2018.
Veličković M, Golijan J. Koncept integralne zaštite jabuke i kruške. J. Agric. Sci. 2015; 60: 381-393. (in Serbian)
Brun L. Etude de laccumulation, de la biodisponiblite et de la phytotoxicite ducuivre dans des sols viticoles de lherault. These de 3cmc Cycle., Montpelier, Universite de Montpelier, France; 1998. (in French)
Parat C, Chaussod R, Levegue J, Dousset S, Andreux F. The relationship between copper accumulated in vineyard calcareous soils and organic matter and iron. Eur J Soil Sc. 2002; 53: 663-669.
Valaž J, Aćimović S, Aleksić G, Bodroža M, Cvetković B. Ispitivanje mogućnosti suzbijanja Venturia inaegualis ekološki prihvatljivim preparatima. Pestic fitomed. 2010; 25: 335-342. (in Serbian)
Tomašević A. Prilog proučavanju mehanizama fotodegradacije karbonatnih pesticida. Beograd, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet; 2010: 226. (in Serbian)
Arsenijević M, Bolaž J, Popović T. Apiognomoniozna plamenjača lišća i mladara i izumiranje grančica i grana ("antraknoza" platana). Zašt Bilja. 2005; 56: 251-254. (in Serbian)
Thomas JS. Modern Paints Uncovered. In: Proceedings from the Modern Paints Uncovered Symposium. London, England, 2006, pp. 3-16.
Berrie HB. Artists' Pigments: A Handbook of Their History and Characteristics. Washington, Archetype books, 2007.
Babović M, Sekulić R. Zaštita bilja. Beograd, Zavod za udžbenike; 2010. (in Serbian)
Pscheidt JW, Ocamb CM. Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Control Handbook. Corvallis, Oregon State University; 1999.
Orešković Z, Gašić S. Bordovska čorba - uporedna ispitivanja različitih formacija. Pestic fitomed. 2005; 20: 255-259. (in Serbian)
Bagi F, Bordnar K. Fitofarmacija. Novi Sad, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet; 2012. (in Serbian)
Gašić S, Elezović L. Perspektive razvoja, formulacija pesticida i njihova primena. Pestic fitomed. 1993; 8: 97-102. (in Serbian)
Grahovac M, Inđić D, Lazić S, Vuković S. Biofungicidi i mogućnosti primene u savremenoj poljoprivredi. Pestic i fitomed. 2009; 24: 245-2588. (in Serbian)
Inđić D, Vuković S. Praktikum iz fitofarmacije (fungicidi i zoocidi). Novi Sad, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet; 2012. (in Serbian)
Sekulić J, Jeličić S. Sredstva za zaštitu bilja u prometu u Srbiji 2013. Biljni lekar. 2013; 41: 1-2. (in Serbian)
Šovljanski R, Lazić S. Osnovi Fitofarmacije. Novi Sad, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet; 2007. (in Serbian)
McBeen C. The Pesticide Manual. 16th ed., Farnham, British Crop Protection Council; 2012.
Henmi H, Hirayama T. Thermal decomposition of basic copper carbonate CuCO3·Cu(OH)2 in carbon dioxide atmosphere (0-50 atm). Termochim Acta. 1985; 96: 145-153.
Cudennec Y, Lecerf A. The transformation of Cu(OH)2 into CuO, revisited. Solid State Sci. 2003; 5: 1471-1474.
Komorowska-Kulik J. Otrzymywanie wodorotlenku miedziowego - fungicydu dla rolnictwa. Zeszyty Naukowe. Chemia / Politechnika Śląska. 2001; 142: 59-66. (in Polish)
Patnaik P. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. New York, McGraw-Hill; 2002.
Cudennec Y, Lecerf A, Gerault Y. Synthesis of Cu(OH)2 and CuO by soft chemistry. Eur J Solid State Inorg Chem. 1995; 32: 1013-1022.
Kondinski A, Monakhov K. Breaking the Gordian Knot in the Structural Chemistry of Polyoxometalates: Copper(II)– Oxo/Hydroxo Clusters. Chem Eur J. 2017; 23: 7841–7852.
Copping LG. Biopesticide Manual: The Manual of Biocontrol Agents. 4th ed., Farnham, British Crop Production Council; 2009.
APHA Method 3111 (B): Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 1995.
Tabatabai MA. A Rapid Method for Determination of Sulfate in Water Samples. Environmental Letters. 1974; 7: 237-243.
EPA 130.2:1982 – Hardness, Total: Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes. 1999.
EPA-600/4-79-020: The Testing of Water. 1974.
Weiser LHB, Milligan WO, Cook EL. Hydrous Cupric Hydroxide and Basic Cupric Sulfates. J Am Chem Soc. 1942; 64: 503-508.
Oberholzer RM. Method for stabilizing copper hydroxide. US7402296 B2, 2008.