Ekstrakcija alifatičnih ugljovodonika iz demineralizovanog antracita sa lokaliteta Vrška Čuka (Srbija) pregrejanom vodenom parom na različitim temperaturama Naučni rad

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Objavljeno: 2026-07-31
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND250719007J
Ključne reči:
ugalј, rastvorlјivost, sazrevanje, parafini, metil grupe

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Amer Juma
Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0883-8297
Ljubiša Nikolić
Faculty of Technology, University of Niš
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2886-6618
Bratislav Todorović
Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0820-4513
Jelena Stanojević
Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7923-0770
Snežana Trifunović
Faculty of Chemistry University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade 11158, Serbia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9528-6686
Tanja Petrović Pantić
Geological Survey Institute of Serbia, Rovinjska 12, Belgrade Serbia
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-6913
Sanja Petrović
Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-8355

Apstrakt

Ekstrakcija alifatičnih ugljovodonika pregrejanom vodenom parom iz organskih ostataka uglja predstavlja perspektivnu metodu zbog smanjenja industrijskih troškova potrebnih za njihovo dobijanje. U ovom radu ekstrakcija je izvedena u opsegu temperatura bez prisustva katalizatora (373 do 473 K; 2-20 h). Najveći prinos izdvojene organske materije ostvaren je tokom prva 2 h (4,0 do 6,1 % početne mase uzorka). Pri dužim vremenima, vrednosti rastvorljivosti su varirale, što ukazuje da oslobađanje alifatičnih ugljovodonika zavisi od njihovog položaja u različitim strukturnim domenima organske matrice. Visok stepen zrelosti organske materije ukazuje da je uzorak antracita u fazi metageneze. Gasna hromatografija sa plameno-jonizacionom detekcijom pokazala jeda ekstrakcija do stvaranja n-parafina, prvenstveno energetski značajnih homologa C12 do C19, koji čine 50 do 61 % izdvojenih jedinjenja nakon 20 sati. Poređenje sa manje zrelim ugljevima (lignit i mrki ugalj) iz istog područja je pokazalo sličnu tendenciju, ali sa povećanjem ugljenifikacije/sazrevanja, udeo
n-parafina se smanjuje, dok se udeo terpena povećava. Infracrvena spektroskopija sa Furijeovom transformacijom suvog ostatka nakon ekstrakcije pokazala je da su metil-grupe (2972 cm-1) nestale nakon 2 sata na svim temperaturama, dok je potpuna eliminacija alifatičnih struktura, uključujući etil-grupe (2924, 2852 i 1377 cm-1), zabeležena nakon 20 sati. Detektovani parafini i terpeni potiču od metil- i etil-grupa ekstrahovanih iz organskog ostatka uglja. Dodatno, iako su lignit i mrki ugalj dali gotovo identične rezultate, u lignitu nisu detektovane nezavisno vezane metil-grupe.

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Kako citirati

[1]
A. Juma, “Ekstrakcija alifatičnih ugljovodonika iz demineralizovanog antracita sa lokaliteta Vrška Čuka (Srbija) pregrejanom vodenom parom na različitim temperaturama: Naučni rad”, Hem Ind, Jul. 2026, doi: 10.2298/HEMIND250719007J.
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